Fix things suggested by chktex
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ interactive tutorials running inside Docker containers, semi-automatically showc
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IT topics in real time. The user is guided through exercises using real environments with
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real software, all with the possibility of interaction at any time.
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This technology can supplement/improve the way e-learning is usually done today
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-- which is mostly articles and learning videos -- and help users get hands-on experience
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--- which is mostly articles and learning videos --- and help users get hands-on experience
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on their way of acquiring knowledge.
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Currently more than 60 learning exercises based on this framework are available on
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@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ The most important feature of the framework is it's messaging system.
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Basically what we need is a system where processes running inside a Docker container
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would be allowed to communicate with eachother.
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This is easy with lots of possible solutions (named pipes, sockets or shared memory to name a few).
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The hard part is that frontend components running inside a web browser -- which could be
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potentially on the other side of the planet -- would also need to partake in said communication.
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The hard part is that frontend components running inside a web browser --- which could be
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potentially on the other side of the planet --- would also need to partake in said communication.
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So what we need to create is something of a hybrid between an IPC system and something
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that can communicate with JavaScript running in a browser connected to it.
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The solution the framework uses is a proxy server, which connects to frontend components
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@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ RabbitMQ%
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ZMQ does not require a daemon (message broker process) and as such
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has a much lower memory footprint while still providing various messaging
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patterns and bindings for almost any widely used programming language.
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An other -- yet untilized -- capability of this solution is that since ZMQ is capable
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An other --- yet untilized --- capability of this solution is that since ZMQ is capable
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of using simple TCP sockets, we could even communicate with processes running on remote
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hosts using the framework.
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@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ ZMQ which were also considered during the desing process of the framework at som
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A few examples of top contenders and reasons for not using them in the end:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item The handling of raw TCP sockets would involve lot's of boilerplate logic that
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already have quality implementations in messaging libraries: i.e. making sure that
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already have quality implementations in messaging libraries: i.e.\ making sure that
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all bytes are sent or received both require checking the return values of the
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libc \texttt{send()} and \texttt{recv()} system calls, while ZMQ takes care of this
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extra logic involved and even provides higher level messaging patterns such as
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subscribe-publish, which would need to be implemented on top of raw sockets again.
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\item Using something like gRPC%
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\footnote{\href{https://grpc.io}{https://grpc.io}} or plain HTTP (both of which
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\item Using something like gRPC\footnote{\href{https://grpc.io}{https://grpc.io}}
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or plain HTTP (both of which
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are considered to be higher level than ZMQ sockets) would require
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all processes partaking in the communication to be HTTP servers themselves,
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which would make the framework
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@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ While we are enjoying the comfort that information technology provides us, we of
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about the risks involved in relying so much on software in our everyday lives.
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When taking a look on recent events, such as a cyber arms race taking place between leading
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powers, 50 million Facebook accounts being breached
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due to the incorrect handling of access tokens \cite{FacebookBreach},
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or how China is building an Orwellian state of total digital surveillance
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due to the incorrect handling of access tokens\cite{FacebookBreach},
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or how China is building an Orwellian state of total digital surveillance%
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\cite{ChinaSurv}\cite{ChinaCredit},
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it becomes clear that security and privacy in the IT sector
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is more important now than ever.
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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Often when large and reputable companies in the industry such as
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CloudFlare\cite{CloudFlareLeak} or eBay\cite{EBayGit} can fail to get it right at times
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is when people start to grasp how difficult it actually is.
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This is why unless we want to disconnect all our devices from all networks and ban USB
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sticks, the best lines of defense are going to be people -- a new generation
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sticks, the best lines of defense are going to be people --- a new generation
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of \emph{security conscious} users and developers.
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Among many other things outside IT, this is only possible with education\cite{ITSecEdu}.
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@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ The only thing we can hope and work for is to become better and better as time
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and generations pass.
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We \emph{must} do better, and education is the way forward.
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The short term goal of this project -- and the goal of this thesis -- is to provide
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The short term goal of this project --- and the goal of this thesis --- is to provide
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a new angle in the education of software engineering, especially secure software
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engineering based on the aspirations above, with the long term goal of bringing
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something new to the table in the matter of IT education as a whole
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@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ These kind of exercises offer great flexibility to reflect real world security i
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more complex challenges users might be required to exploit multiple vulnerabilites for success,
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and understand the ways they augment each other.
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We often recreate real world scenarios based on incident reports released by companies for
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added authenticity and relevance \cite{AkosFacebook}.
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added authenticity and relevance\cite{AkosFacebook}.
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Our challenges usually involve some sort of website acting as frontend for the vulnerable
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application, or require the user to connect using SSH.
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application, or require the user to connect using SSH\@.
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\pic{figures/avatao_challenge.png}{An offensive challenge on the Avatao platform}
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@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ of challenges for QA\footnote{Quality Assurrance} and demo purposes%
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\footnote{I used to record short videos or GIFs to showcase my content to management}.
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In a certain scenario I was required to integrate a web based terminal emulator in a
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frontend application to improve user experience by making it possible to use a shell
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right on the website rather than having to connect through SSH.
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right on the website rather than having to connect through SSH\@.
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After I got this working I was looking into writing hacky bash scripts to automate the steps
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required to complete the challenge in order to make it easier for me to record the solution,
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as I have often found myself recording over and over again for a demo without any mistakes.
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@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ would help formulate the idea of the project \emph{Tutorial Framework} or just \
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\section{Vision of the Tutorial Framework}
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The whole ''challenges that solve themselves'' thing seemed like an idea that has great
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The whole ``challenges that solve themselves'' thing seemed like an idea that has great
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potential if developed further.
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We have envisioned something that resembles a learning video, but it is real, actual
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software running and interacting with itself to showcase different topics to the user.
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Something that would allow the users to stop at any given time, take a breath, interact
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with the environment on their own (i.e. take a look a the directory structure or a file,
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with the environment on their own (i.e.\ take a look a the directory structure or a file,
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try what happens if a command is executed somewhat differently, etc.) and then
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continue on with the tutorial.
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We wanted to create something that would feel like if an actual teacher was standing
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@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ To achieve our goals we would need:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item a way to keep track of user progress
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\item a way to to handle various events (i.e. we can react when
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\item a way to to handle various events (i.e.\ we can react when
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the user has edited a file, or has executed a command in the terminal)
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\item a highly flexible messaging system, in which processes and
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frontend components (running in a web browser) could communicate with eachother
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